LONGITUDINAL FLUCTUATIONS IN PD1 AND PD-L1 EXPRESSION IN ASSOCIATION WITH CHANGES IN ANTI-VIRAL IMMUNE RESPONSE IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B

Longitudinal fluctuations in PD1 and PD-L1 expression in association with changes in anti-viral immune response in chronic hepatitis B

Abstract Background Controversy exists regarding the Kitchen Supplies role of PD1 and its ligand PD-L1 in chronic hepatitis B infection.In some studies, persistent HBV infection has been attributed to high levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression on HBV-specific T-cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) respectively.Other studies revealed that the up-

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Ngwevu intloko: a new early sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Lower Jurassic Elliot Formation of South Africa and comments on cranial ontogeny in Massospondylus carinatus

Our knowledge of Early Jurassic palaeobiodiversity in the upper Elliot Formation of South Africa has increased markedly in recent years with the discovery of new fossils, re-assessments of previously collected material and a better understanding of Stormberg Group stratigraphy.Here, Ngwevu intloko, a new genus of upper Elliot basal sauropodomorph i

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